Need to wait at least 5 min after rest perfusion if performedOptional - Quantitative perfusion imaging As research applications are evolving and consensus evidence is being accumulated, the Task Force chooses to refrain from making a dedicated statement at this time.Left ventricular (LV) chamber quantification. Clinical application in the heart and circulation. Differentiation of heart failure related to dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease using gadolinium-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance. Flow appearances on both cine and phase encoded acquisitions are highly dependent on image location and orientation, especially in the case of jet flow.Check for the appropriate velocity encoding. These subtle differences can be hard to appreciate visually. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. You can also search for this author in

thrombus or intramural hematoma) inner and outer diameter including vessel wall thickness should be reported.Aortic root measurements require ECG-gated images. Very small ROIs (< 20 pixels) should be avoided.ROIs should be checked if generated automatically.Drawing ROIs on greyscale instead of color maps may avoid bias.Depending on the goal of the analysis, focal fibrosis as assessed by LGE imaging may be excluded from the ROI.There is currently no specific preferred analysis software package. In clinical practice, these are rarely required, but they may supplement visual analysis for example in suspected multi-vessel disease or suspected inadequate response to vasodilator stress. Comparative definitions for moderate-severe ischemia in stress nuclear, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Regurgitation In addition, post-MI sequelae, including LV thrombus, LV aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm formation, and pericarditis are easily identified.LV structure and functionAdvanced tissue characterization - optional, although frequently used to assess edema/inflammation that can accompany acute necrotic injuryOptional - First pass perfusion (only at rest). Circulation. Circulation. 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance consensus statement.

Imaging using a “long-inversion” time (~ 550 ms at 1.5 T and 850 ms at 3 T) can be helpful in distinguishing no-reflow zones or mural thrombus from viable myocardium.Imaging using a short inversion time (~ 200 ms) and PSIR can be helpful in distinguishing subendocardial scar.Read-out is usually every other heartbeat, but should be modified to every heartbeat in the setting of bradycardia (< 60 bpm), and every third heartbeat in the setting of tachycardia (> 100 bpm) or arrhythmia.Dark-blood LGE imaging (optional)

2001;14:685–92.Puntmann VO, Gebker R, Duckett S, Mirelis J, Schnackenburg B, Graefe M, et al. Multiple alternatives exist, such as T2-prepared single-shot bSSFP sequence acquired with different T2 prep time, gradient and spin echo (GraSE) or FSE-based pulse sequences.Motion correction as neededSlice thickness: 6-8 mm, in plane-resolution ~ 1.6–2.0 mmThe number and orientation of slices obtained will depend upon the indication. Given its versatility and wide range of quantitative parameters, agreement on specific standards for the image interpretation and post-processing of CMR studies is required to ensure consistent quality and reproducibility of CMR reports.

2017;19:75.von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Schuler J, Doganguzel S, Dieringer MA, Rudolph A, Greiser A, et al. Cerqueira MD, Weissman NJ, Dilsizian V, Jacobs AK, Kaul S, Laskey WK, et al. Breath-hold on expiration provides more consistent positioning but inspiratory breath-hold may be more comfortable and easier to sustain for some patients.bSSFP short axis cine images (Fig.